with and without vowels

1 and 2 are Arabic; 3 and 4 are Hebrew. The written system is neither syllabary nor alpabet, but an "impure abjad." See  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abjad#Impure_abjads

Example: Mazal Tov , Mubaraq , Congratulations!

1.  مبارك
2. ﻣُﺒَﺎﺭَﻙٌ
3. מזל טוב
4. מַזָּל טוֹב

relationships between writing systems

image from source (Archived)

https://www.ancient-hebrew.org/ancient-alphabet/aleph.htm